Testicular and Epididymal Morphometric Characteristics: Viable Indicators of Reproductive Ability of Farm Animals

There is still some uncertainty with regard to the reliability of the genetic correlations between measurements of testes and epididymis and reproduction. The aim of this review is to examine testicular and epididymal morphometric characteristics as indicators of reproductive ability of farm animals. Morphometric analysis of the testes of any species or breed is necessary in assessing and estimating qualitative changes in testicular components and spermatogenic functions. The epididymis is an extremely connected structure which is closely attached to the dorsal part of the lateral surface of the testes. Its functions include storage, maturation and absorption of sperm cells. Testicular and epididymal development is influenced by several factors among which are species, breed, body weight, age, nutrition. A positive relationship exists between semen quality and testicular dimension, giving an indication that improvement in one would lead to improvement in the other. However, in a bid to increase and improve animal production, the testicular and epididymal morphometry is essential for a maximum and rational utilization of the breeding stock.